 

      (5) 17  1859    -   . 

    ,      (18771881)  .. .         .     ( 1886),  1899      .    .

    ,       (     )            .        .. ,           .            ,        - ,    , . 



      (1884,  ),  (1890,  ;     ),   (1892,  ),   (1900,  ),   (1900,  ). 

     ,  ,   ,    -  (,  19031905,   , ).          .

      -  1911   -    .

  (1898),    -   (1900),     (1908), -      ,        (1911) -       ,             ,   . 

      28  1918 .            . 