-

- (  -    )  16  1839   .       .  1856      .

       -       "  " (1865).  ,       . 

   -     . 



 1881       ,   1901         .         ,       :      . 

 ,   1890-       .       (  ,  ).       -   "" (1878)  "" (1888),      -   ,     " " (1875).

  , -      -    "" (1869)  "  " (1906),  "  " (1905)  " " (1901)  .

-  6  1907   -  69-  . 